Keywords: VPH Solid-phase holographic grating, Transmittance spectrophotometer, Reflectance spectrometer, Czerny-Turner Optical nzira.
1.Overview
Iyo fiber optic spectrometer inogona kuverengerwa seratidziro uye kutapurirana, zvichienderana nemhando ye diffraction grating.Diffraction grating inonyanya kuona chinhu, chine huwandu hukuru hwemapatani akaenzana angave pamusoro kana mukati.Icho chinhu chakakosha chefiber optic spectrometer.Kana chiedza chadyidzana nemagiroti aya, pararira mumakona akasiyana anotemwa neavelengths akasiyana kuburikidza nechiitiko chinozivikanwa sechiedza diffraction.
Pamusoro: Rusarura rwunoratidzira spectrometer (kuruboshwe) uye transmittance spectrometer (kurudyi)
Diffraction gratings inowanzoiswa mumhando mbiri: reflection uye Transmission gratings.Reflection gratings inogona kukamurwazve kuita magirating endege uye concave gratings, nepo transmission gratings inogona kupatsanurwa kuita groove-type transmission gratings uye volume phase holographic (VPH) transmission gratings.Ichi chinyorwa chinonyanya kusuma iyo ndege inopfuta-mhando yekuratidzira spectrometer uye VPH grating-mhando transmittance spectrometer.
Pamusoro: Reflection grating (kuruboshwe) uye Transmission grating (kurudyi).
Sei akawanda ma spectrometers zvino achisarudza grating dispersion panzvimbo yeprism?Iyo inonyanya kutsanangurwa neiyo grating's spectral nheyo.Huwandu hwemitsara pa millimita pa grating (line density, unit: lines/mm) inotaridza kugona kwe greting.Density yemutsara wepamusoro inoguma nekupararira kukuru kwechiedza chewavelengths akasiyana mushure mekupfuura nepakati, zvichitungamira kukwirisa kwemaziso.Kazhinji, inowanikwa uye grating groove densities zvinosanganisira 75, 150, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3600, nezvimwewo, kusangana nezvinodiwa zveakasiyana siyana marenji uye zvigadziriso.Nepo, prism spectroscopy inoganhurirwa nekuparadzirwa kwezvinhu zvegirazi, uko nzvimbo yekuparadzira yegirazi inotarisisa kugona kwe spectroscopic yeprism.Sezvo dispersive zvivakwa zvegirazi zvinhu zvidiki, zvinonetsa kuchinjika kusangana nezvinodiwa zveakasiyana spectral application.Naizvozvo, haiwanzo kushandiswa mukutengesa miniature fiber optic spectrometers.
Caption: Spectral mhedzisiro yeakasiyana grating groove densities mudhayagiramu iri pamusoro.
Iyo nhamba inoratidza dispersion spectrometry yechiedza chichena kuburikidza negirazi uye diffraction spectrometry kuburikidza negireti.
Nhoroondo yebudiriro yemagrating, inotanga neyekare "Young's double-slit experiment": Muna 1801, nyanzvi yefizikisi yekuBritain Thomas Young akawana kupindira kwechiedza achishandisa kuyedza-kutsemura kaviri.Chiedza chemonochromatic chichipfuura nepakati pemitsetse yakapetwa kaviri inotaridzwa mipendero inopenya uye yakasviba.Kuedza kwakapetwa kaviri kwekutanga kwakasimbisa kuti chiedza chinoratidza maitiro akafanana nemafungu emvura (masaisai echiedza), zvichikonzera manzwiro munharaunda yefizikiki.Mushure mezvo, mafizikisi akati wandei akaita ongororo yekukanganisa kwakawanda uye akacherekedza diffraction chiitiko chechiedza kuburikidza ne gratings.Gare gare, nyanzvi yefizikisi yekuFrance Fresnel akagadzira dzidziso yekutanga yekusiyana kwegrating nekubatanidza matekiniki emasvomhu akaburitswa nemusayendisiti wekuGerman Huygens, achitora pane izvi.
Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza kupindira kweMudiki kaviri kuruboshwe, aine mipendero inopenya uye yakasviba.Multi-slit diffraction (kurudyi), kugovera mabhendi emavara pamirairo yakasiyana.
2.Reflective Spectrometer
Iwo anotarisisa ma spectrometers anowanzo shandisa nzira yekuona inoumbwa nendege diffraction grating uye concave magirazi, anonzi Czerny-Turner optical nzira.Iyo inowanzo sanganisira kupatsanurwa, ndege inopfuta, magirazi maviri akakomberedzwa, uye detector.Iyi gadziriso inoratidzirwa nepamusoro resolution, yakaderera yakarasika mwenje, uye yakakwira optical throughput.Mushure mekunge chiratidzo chechiedza chapinda nemupakamanikana, chinotanga chabatanidzwa kuita danda rakafanana neine concave reflector, iyo inobva yarova planar diffractive grating apo constituent wavelengths inoparadzaniswa pamakona akasiyana.Chekupedzisira, concave reflector inotarisisa mwenje wakapatsanurwa paphotodetector uye masaini emawavelengths akasiyana anorekodhwa nemapikseli panzvimbo dzakasiyana paphotodiode chip, pakupedzisira achigadzira spectrum.Kazhinji, inoratidzira spectrometer inosanganisirawo imwe yechipiri-odha diffraction-kudzvanya mafirita uye makoramu lenzi kuvandudza kunaka kweiyo inobuda spectra.
Iyo nhamba inoratidza muchinjika-mhando CT yekuona nzira grating spectrometer.
Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti Czerny naTurner havasi ivo vakagadzira iyi optical system asi vanoyeukwa nekuda kwekubatsira kwavo kwakatanhamara kumunda weoptics — nyanzvi yenyeredzi yekuAustria Adalbert Czerny uye musayendisiti wechiGerman Rudolf W. Turner.
Iyo Czerny-Turner optical nzira inogona kazhinji kuiswa mumhando mbiri: yakayambuka uye yakavhurwa (M-mhando).Iyo yakayambuka nzira yekuona / M-mhando yekuona nzira ndiyo yakanyanya compact.Pano, kugovaniswa kwekuruboshwe-kurudyi kwezvionioni zviviri zveconcave zvine chekuita negetsi rendege, rinoratidza muripo wepamwechete we-off-axis aberrations, zvichiita kuti pave nepamusoro-soro yekugadzirisa.Iyo SpectraCheck® SR75C fiber optic spectrometer inoshandisa M-type optical nzira, inowana yakakwira optical resolution inosvika 0.15nm muultraviolet renji ye180-340 nm.
Pamusoro: Muchinjikwa-mhando optical nzira/yakawedzera-rudzi (M-mhando) nzira yekuona.
Uye zvakare, kunze kwekunge mwenje unopisa, kune zvakare concave blaze grating.Iyo concave blaze grating inogona kunzwisiswa semusanganiswa wegirazi reconcave uye grating.Naizvozvo, concave blaze grating spectrometer inongo patsanurwa, concave blaze grating, uye detector, zvichikonzera kugadzikana kwakanyanya.Nekudaro, iyo concave blaze grating inoisa chinodiwa pairi nzira uye chinhambwe chechiitiko-chakaparadzaniswa chiedza, zvichidzikamisa sarudzo dziripo.
Pamusoro: Concave grating spectrometer.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2023